Science

The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model is a highly esteemed scientific model developed by researcher Wilmar Schaufeli and others. This model divides working conditions into two primary categories: job demands (stressors), which are physical and emotional challenges encountered in the role, and job resources (energy sources), the supportive factors that aid in stress reduction and goal attainment. Moreover, personal factors and leadership play a mediating role in the relationship between these categories, meaning that they have a direct impact on how these stressors and energy resources relate to each other.

Personal factors refer to individual characteristics, traits, and experiences that influence how individuals perceive and respond to these stressors and energy sources. These factors can include personality traits, coping strategies, self-efficacy, and work-related attitudes. In addition, effective leaders provide support and guidance and promote resources such as autonomy and social support, which contribute to reduced stress levels.

In circumstances where stressors are high and energy sources are low, stress and burnout become prevalent. However, by enhancing energy sources, the negative impact of demanding job conditions can be mitigated, fostering motivation and work engagement. In other words: it is all about a healthy balance.

Work situation

Stressors

Leadership

Personal Factors

Energy sources

Energy levels

Work engagement

Burnout

Results

Positive:
- Healthier work habits
- Optimal performance
- Vitality- Productivity
- Job satisfaction
- Engagement

Negative:
- Unhealthy work habits
- Subpar performance
- Exhaustion
- Decreased productivity
- Job dissatisfaction
- Employee turnover